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Repairing a laptop hardware or software problem

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 Repairing a laptop depends on what problem you’re facing (hardware or software). Below is a clear beginner-friendly guide that covers the most common laptop issues and how to fix them safely.

⚠️ Before You Start (Very Important)

  • Back up your data if the laptop still turns on

  • Turn off & unplug the laptop

  • Remove the battery (if removable)

  • Use a small screwdriver set

  • Avoid static electricity (touch a metal surface first)

🔧 Common Laptop Problems & How to Repair Them

1️⃣ Laptop Not Turning On

Possible causes:

  • Dead charger

  • Battery issue

  • Power button fault

Fix:

  • Try another charger

  • Remove battery → plug charger → power on

  • Check charging light

  • If no light → DC jack or motherboard issue (technician needed)

2️⃣ Laptop Is Very Slow

Fix:

  • Uninstall unused software

  • Disable startup apps
    (Task Manager → Startup → Disable unnecessary apps)

  • Add RAM

  • Replace HDD with SSD (best speed upgrade)

3️⃣ Laptop Overheating / Auto Shutdown

Cause: Dust or bad thermal paste

Fix:

  • Open back panel

  • Clean fan & vents using compressed air

  • Replace thermal paste on CPU

  • Use a cooling pad

4️⃣ Screen Not Working / Black Screen

Fix:

  • Connect external monitor

    • If external works → screen or cable problem

  • Reseat display cable

  • Replace LCD panel (model-specific)

5️⃣ Keyboard or Touchpad Not Working

Fix:

  • Check Device Manager → Update driver

  • Clean keyboard gently

  • Replace keyboard (usually plug-and-play)

6️⃣ Battery Not Charging / Drains Fast

Fix:

  • Calibrate battery (charge 100% → drain → recharge)

  • Replace old battery

  • Check charger wattage

7️⃣ Laptop Has No Sound / Wi-Fi

Fix:

  • Reinstall drivers (from official website)

  • Check BIOS if disabled

  • Replace Wi-Fi card (cheap & easy)

🧰 Basic Tools You’ll Need

  • Precision screwdriver set

  • Thermal paste

  • Isopropyl alcohol (90%+)

  • Compressed air

  • Plastic pry tool

❌ When NOT to Repair Yourself

  • Motherboard short or water damage

  • BIOS corruption

  • GPU failure

👉 These require professional repair

📌 Best Advice for Beginners

  • Search YouTube repair video for your exact laptop model

  • Take photos while disassembling

  • Label screws

  • Go slow

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