Biography of Matthew Perry | Early Life and Naval Career - Opening Japan and Treaty of Kanagawa - Later Career and Legacy of Matthew Perry

Biography of Matthew Perry:

Matthew Calbraith Perry (April 10, 1794 – March 4, 1858) was a Commodore of the United States Navy who played a significant role in opening Japan to the West in the mid-19th century. 

Here's an overview of his biography:

Early Life:

Matthew Perry was born in South Kingstown, Rhode Island, into a prominent naval family. His father, Christopher Raymond Perry, was a naval captain during the American Revolutionary War. Matthew and his younger brother, Oliver Hazard Perry, both became naval officers.

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Matthew Perry's Naval Career:

Perry entered the U.S. Navy at the age of 15 and steadily climbed the ranks. He served in various capacities, participating in the War of 1812 and the Mexican-American War. He became a captain in 1837.

Opening Japan:

Perry's most significant achievement was his role in opening Japan to international trade. In 1852 and 1854, he led expeditions to Japan, presenting the Japanese authorities with a letter from U.S. President Millard Fillmore, urging Japan to establish diplomatic and trade relations with the United States.

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Treaty of Kanagawa:

In 1854, Perry negotiated the Treaty of Kanagawa with Japan. This treaty marked the end of Japan's 200-year-old policy of national seclusion and established the first formal diplomatic relations between Japan and a Western country. The treaty allowed American ships to refuel and resupply at two Japanese ports, facilitating future trade.

Later Career and Legacy of Matthew Perry:

After his success in Japan, Perry served as the Commandant of the Brooklyn Navy Yard. He died on March 4, 1858, in New York City.

Perry's expeditions to Japan had a profound impact on the country, leading to the Meiji Restoration and the modernization of Japan. He is remembered as a key figure in U.S. naval history and for his role in shaping Japan's relationship with the Western world. The Perry-class guided-missile frigates in the U.S. Navy were named in his honor.

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