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Plane polarized light | Production and detection of plane polarized light

Illustrate a practical method of production and detection of plane polarized light?

Or

With the help of what is called polaroid, how will we find out whether the given light is polarized or partially polarized or fully polarized?

OR

How to check which polar beam is polarized with the help of polaroid?

Or

Describe the method of generating and analyzing polar polarized plane by polaroid?

Answer:

Polaroid polarizing light

An inexpensive and commercial method of polarizing light is the polaroid method. Its design is based on the principle of dichroism.

Plane polarized light


Composition

Polaroid is a large size film that is placed between 2 glass plates. This film is formed by a special method on a thin sheet of nitrosalulose, an asymmetrical crystal of organic yogurt, in such a way that the illuminated axis of all crystals is parallel.

When a beam of imprecise light passes through the beam in a polarized film, the film only allows the components whose electrical vectors vibrate parallel to the polarization direction of the polaride and absorb the charge that vibrates perpendicular to these directions. Thus, the light passed through the polaroid is flat polarized light.

Detection of polarized plane light by polaroid


With the help of the polaroid, the partially polarized or fully polarized light can be detected by entering the given light from the polaroid and rotating the polaroid with the incident light, looking at the output light by eye.

1. If the polarization does not make any difference in the intensity of the light released in one full circle, the incident light is irradiated.

2. If the intensity of the output light changes but in no case the intensity is zero then the incident light is partially polarized.

3. If the intensity of the output light changes and the intensity of the polaroid is twice the maximum and twice the intensity, the incident light is completely flat-polarized.

Plane polarized light in Hindi


समतल ध्रुवित प्रकाश के उत्पादन तथा संसूचन की किसी व्यवहारिक विधि का सचित्र वर्णन कीजिए?

पोलेराइड किसे कहते हैं इसकी सहायता से कैसे पता लगाएंगे कि दिया गया प्रकाश और ध्रुवित है आंशिक रूप से ध्रुवित है अथवा पूर्णतः ध्रुवित है?

पोलेराइड सहायता से किस किसी प्रकाश किरण से ध्रुवित होने की जांच कैसे करेंगे?

पोलेराइड द्वारा समतल ध्रुवित प्रकाश के उत्पन्न करने तथा विश्लेषण करने की विधि का वर्णन कीजिए?

उत्तर:

पोलेराइड द्वारा प्रकाश  को समतल ध्रुवित करना 

प्रकाश को समतल ध्रुवित करने की एक सस्ती और व्यापारिक विधि पोलेराइड विधि है इसकी रचना द्विवर्णता के सिद्धांत पर आधारित है। 

रचना

पोलेराइड एक बड़े आकार की फिल्म होती है जिसे 2 काँच की प्लेटों के बीच रखा जाता है इस फिल्म का निर्माण कार्बनिक योगिक हरपेठेत के अतिक्षुच्म क्रिस्टल नाइट्रोसैलूलोज की पतली चादर पर विशेष विधि द्वारा इस प्रकार फैलाकर किया जाता है कि सभी क्रिस्टओं का की प्रकाशित अक्ष समांतर रहे। 

जब अध्रुवित प्रकाश का एक किरण पुंज पोलेराइड फिल्म में से गुजरता है तो फिल्म केवल उन घटकों को पार होने देती है जिसकी वैद्युत वेक्टर पोलेराइड की ध्रुवण दिशा के समांतर कंपन करते हैं तथा उन घटकों को आवेशित अवशोषित कर लेते हैं जो इन दिशा के लंबवत कंपन करते हैं इस प्रकार पोलेराइड से पारगमित  प्रकाश समतल ध्रुवित प्रकाश होता है। 

पोलेराइड द्वारा समतल ध्रुवित प्रकाश का संसूचन

पोलेराइड की सहायता से अध्रुवित आंशिक रूप से ध्रुवित अथवा पूर्णतया ध्रुवित प्रकाश का पता लगाया जा सकता है इसके लिए दिये गए प्रकाश को पोलेराइड से प्रवेश कराते हैं तथा निर्गत प्रकाश को आंख से देखते हुए पोलेराइड को आपतित प्रकाश के परीतः घुमाते हैं। 

1. यदि पोलराइज एक पूरा चक्कर घुमाने में निर्गत प्रकाश की तीव्रता में कोई अंतर नहीं पड़ता तो आपतित प्रकाश और अध्रुवित है। 
2.यदि निर्गत प्रकाश की तीव्रता में परिवर्तन होता है परंतु किसी भी स्थिति में तीव्रता शुन्य नहीं होती तो आपतित प्रकाश आंशिक रूप से ध्रुवित है।
3. यदि निर्गत प्रकाश की तीव्रता में परिवर्तन होता है तथा पोलेराइड के एक चक्कर में दो बार तीव्रता अधिकतम तथा दो बार शून्य हो जाती है तो आपतित प्रकाश पूर्णतः  समतल-ध्रुवित है।

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