Thursday, June 27, 2019
2018 Physics Nobel Prize: Gérard Mourou and Donna Strickland with Arthur Ashkin
The physics of 2018 has been given by Gerard Mourou and Donna Strickland with Arthur Ashkin.
According to the Royal Swedish Academy, the Physics Nobel Prize of 2018 has been given for revolutionary work in the field of laser physics. Arthur Ashkin, half of the award, has been selected for effect on optical tweezers and their biological systems. The remaining amount is jointly given to Gerad Maurou and Donna Strickland for the method of producing extremely subtle laser pulse with high energy.
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2018 Physics Nobel Prize
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The discovery of Arthur Ashkin
The discovery of Arthur Ashkin has brought science futanshi to the ground. Using Optical Tweezers, it is possible to observe, fold, cut, shake and drag the substance. In many laboratories, biological processes are used to study optical tweezers, which include proteins, molecular motors, DNA and internal functioning of cells.
Echin's creation of Optical Tweezers
- When light is illuminated by light, small transparent shells begin to move. Their speed corresponds to the received from the theoretical calculation by Ashkin, which indicates that this speed is generated by the pressure of radiation.
- There was an unintended effect in the gradient force, which pushes the sphere in the middle of the laser beam where the intensity of light is highest. This is because the intensity of the beam decreases outwards and the sum of all the balls pushes the sphere to the center.
- By taking the ashkin by moving the beam upwards, the float floats upwards. The pressure of radiation works in the opposite of gravity.
- The laser beam is focused from a lens. In the form of these optical tweezers, the light is captured by the light, the living bacteria and the cells are captured.
Studies of particle / bacterial / cocaine from the optical tweezers of Ashkin
Ashkin's optical tweezers, the atoms are molecules caught by the laser beam. They study and alter the viruses, bacterials and other living cells, there is no harm to living cells in this process. This has generated new opportunities for inspection and control of biological machines. A motor molecule enters the light of light (A motor molecule walks inside the light trap)
- The cinissine molecule gets attached to a small caught by the optical tweezer.
- Kinsein progresses with cell structure. He also pulls the shell with him, which makes possible the measurement of phases of kininase.
- At the end the motor molecule does not tolerate the force of light and the gola reaches the middle of the laser beam.
Gerard Maurou and Donna Strickland's Laser Technique: Chirpad Pulse Amplification
Donna Strickland is the third woman to win the Nobel Prize in Physics. Prior to this, the award was given to Marie Curie in 1903 and María Goeppert Mayer in 1963.
Gerad Maurou and Donna Strickland's laser technology are called Chirpad pulse amplification. In this, giving a small laser pulse detail over time, amplifiers are compressed back.
Dr. Strickland of Waterloo University, Canada, after receiving the award said,
"At first I did not believe. As far as sharing with Gerard, he was my supervisor and he gave the new height to the CPA. He deserves this award. I am happy that Ashkin also received this award. "Doctor Strickland said that it was astonishing for him to know that for a long time no woman was awarded the Nobel Prize. Although he said that 'he has always been treated equally with' and 'the man who won this award with them is also entitled to equal rights.'
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