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Atomic model of magnetism | Iron rod magnetization and demagnetization

What is the atomic model of magnetism? Explain magnetization and demagnetization of iron rod based on atomic model of magnetism?

Atomic model of magnetism

Each atom of a substance is a small magnet. Orbital rotation and rotation of the electrons present in the atom produces a magnetic moment in the atom. In the atomic model of magnetism, the orbital rotation and rotation of the electron has been considered to be the root cause of magnetism in matter and On the basis of this, the magnetism of various substances is explained.

Iron rod magnetization and demagnetization based on atomic model

According to the atomic model, the atoms of each iron magnetic substance have some interaction between them, due to which innumerable superfluous areas of matter are formed inside the substance. Is zero when they are placed in external magnetic field, then the magnetic axis of these domes align in the direction of magnetic field and the iron rod becomes magnet.


To eliminate the magnetization of a magnetic material, when it is heated to a temperature higher than the Curie temperature or beat with a hammer, the domain of the magnet is disturbed due to the disturbance in it, due to which the net magnetic moment of the magnet becomes almost zero. And magnetic material becomes demagnetized

Atomic model of magnetism in Hindi (हिंदी में चुंबकत्व का परमाणु मॉडल)


चुंबकत्व का परमाणु मॉडल क्या है?चुंबकत्व के परमाणु मॉडल के आधार पर लोहे की छड़ के चुंबकन एवं विचुंबकन की व्याख्या कीजिए?

चुंबकत्व का परमाणु मॉडल

पदार्थ का प्रत्येक परमाणु एक छोटा सा चुंबक है परमाणु में उपस्थित इलेक्ट्रॉनों के कक्षीय परिक्रमा तथा चक्रण के कारण परमाणु में चुंबकीय आघूर्ण उत्पन्न होता है चुंबकत्व के परमाणु मॉडल में इलेक्ट्रॉन के कक्षीय परिक्रमण तथा चक्रण को हि पदार्थ में चुंबकत्व का मूल कारण माना गया है तथा इसी आधार पर विभिन्न पदार्थों के चुंबकत्व की व्याख्या की जाती है।

परमाणु मॉडल के आधार पर लोहे की छड़ चुंबकन तथा विचुंबकन

परमाणु मॉडल के अनुसार प्रत्येक लोह चुंबकीय पदार्थ के परमाणुओं में कुछ ऐसे का अन्योन्य क्रियाएं होती है जिनके कारण पदार्थ के अंदर असंख्य अतिसूक्ष्म आकर के प्रभावि क्षेत्र बन जाते हैं यह डोमिन कहलाते हैं साधारण अवस्था में यह डोमिन इस प्रकार व्यवस्थित रहते हैं किन का परिणामी चुंबकत्व शून्य होता है जब इनको वाह्य चुंबकीय क्षेत्र में रखते हैं तो इन डोमिन की चुंबकीय अक्षे चुंबकीय क्षेत्र की दिशा में संरेखित हो जाती है तथा लोहे की छड़ चुंबक हो जाती है।

किसी चुंबकीय पदार्थ के चुम्बकत्व को समाप्त करने के लिए उसे क्यूरी ताप से अधिक ताप पर गर्म कर देते हैं अथवा हथौड़े से पीटते हैं तो उसमें विक्षोभ के कारण चुंबक के डोमेन अस्त व्यस्त हो जाते हैं जिस कारण चुंबक का नेट चुंबकीय आघूर्ण  लगभग शून्य  हो जाता है और चुंबकीय पदार्थ विचुंबकीत हो जाता है।

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