Positive rays or canal rays

What is positive rays? How can positive rays be generated? Explain its usefulness and quality?

Goldstein used the cathode with an aperture in the immersion while experimenting with cathode rays and kept the pressure of gas in this tube at 10^-2mm , and when the high voltage was applied between the cathode and the anode, the back of the cathode started to glow . This radiance differs from the radiance emanating from cathode rays.

Therefore, this brightness is due to any other type of rays because these rays pass through the porous cathode, so Goldstein studied these rays and said that these rays are made up of positively charged particles, hence they are called positive rays.

Due to origin of Positive rays or canal rays

When the rapidly moving electrons of the cathode rays emanating from the cathode collide with the atom or particle of the gas between the anode and the cathode, they ionize the atoms that are ionized, leaving a positive charge equal to the minus charge of the electron. They are called positive ions.

The electrons from the gas atoms move along the cathode rays towards the anode and the rich ions of the gas are attracted towards the cathode and move out of the cathode holes and go to the other side, these ions are called positive rays.

Utility of Positive rays or canal rays

1) To find an E/M for the +ive ion of an element

2) To find the mass of an element's atom

3) Study the different isotopes present in an element

Properties of positive rays

1) Positive rays run in a straight line

2) These rays are positively charged

3) Positive rays or canal rays are electrified and deflected into a magnetic field.

4) The velocity of these rays is much less than the velocity of cathode rays

5) These rays produce physical and chemical changes.

6) Positive rays or canal rays affect the photographic plate

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