Thursday, June 25, 2020
HTML Document and Web Page:
An HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) document is a text document that contains markup tags, which define the structure and content of a web page. HTML is the standard markup language for creating web pages and web applications.
HTML documents are plain text files that are saved with the ".html" or ".htm" file extension.
Here is a basic example of an HTML document:
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>My First Web Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello, World!</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph of text in my web page.</p>
</body>
</html>
Let's break down the components of this HTML document:
1. <!DOCTYPE html>: This declaration defines the document type and version of HTML. In this case, it's HTML5.
2. <html>: This is the root element of the HTML document.
3. lang="en": The "lang" attribute specifies the language of the document.
4. <head>: This section contains meta-information about the HTML document, such as the character set, viewport settings, and the title of the page.
5. <meta charset="UTF-8">: Specifies the character encoding for the document (UTF-8).
6. <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">: Sets the viewport settings for responsive design.
7. <title>: Defines the title of the web page, which appears in the browser's title bar or tab.
8. <body>: This is the main content of the HTML document. It contains elements such as headings, paragraphs, images, links, and more.
9. <h1>: This is a heading element, indicating the main heading of the page.
10. <p>: This is a paragraph element, containing a piece of text.
HTML documents are rendered by web browsers, and the tags within the document structure the content and define its presentation. The combination of HTML, CSS (Cascading Style Sheets), and JavaScript is commonly used to create dynamic and visually appealing web pages.