Monday, September 16, 2019
Cripps Mission
The Cripps Mission was a significant initiative undertaken by the British government during World War II to seek Indian cooperation and support for the war effort in exchange for political concessions. The mission was named after Sir Stafford Cripps, a member of the British War Cabinet and a key figure in the mission. The primary objective of the mission was to secure Indian support for the British war effort and to address Indian demands for self-rule.
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| CRIPPS MISSION |
Key Points about the Cripps Mission:
1. Background:
The mission was sent to India in March 1942, at a time when the British government was facing military setbacks in the war and was in need of support from its colonies, including India.
2. Proposals:
The Cripps Mission presented a proposal for India's post-war political structure, known as the "Cripps Offer." It promised the establishment of a dominion of India, with the right to secede from the British Commonwealth and make its own constitution after the war.
The mission proposed the formation of an Indian Union comprising British India and the princely states. It also suggested that provinces could join the Union voluntarily.
The Cripps Offer promised the inclusion of representatives from British India and the princely states in the framing of a new constitution after the war.
3. Limitations and Controversies:
The Cripps Offer did not meet several key demands of the Indian National Congress, such as immediate self-government and the right to form a constituent assembly without British interference.
The proposal also did not guarantee the right of provinces to join the Indian Union freely, leaving the issue of princely states' accession ambiguous.
4. Rejection by Congress:
The Indian National Congress, led by Mahatma Gandhi, rejected the Cripps Offer as it fell short of its demand for complete independence (Purna Swaraj) and did not provide for an immediate transfer of power.
5. Failure and Consequences:
The failure of the Cripps Mission highlighted the growing dissatisfaction and mistrust between the Indian political leaders and the British government.
The rejection of the Cripps Offer by the Congress led to a period of political deadlock and intensified the Quit India Movement of 1942, a mass protest against British rule.
The Cripps Mission demonstrated the complexities of India's political landscape during World War II and the challenges faced by the British government in trying to balance its war priorities with the aspirations of Indian nationalists for self-rule and independence.