Wednesday, August 14, 2019
Biography of Bernhard Riemann:
Bernhard Riemann (Georg Friedrich Bernhard Riemann) was a German mathematician born on September 17, 1826, in Breselenz, a village in the Kingdom of Hanover. He made substantial contributions to various branches of mathematics, particularly in the fields of analysis and differential geometry. Riemann's work laid the groundwork for later developments in mathematics and theoretical physics.
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| Biography Of Bernhard Riemann |
Here is a brief biography of Bernhard Riemann:
Bernhard Riemann's Early Life and Education:
Bernhard Riemann was the second of six children in a poor Lutheran family. His father was a pastor, and the family struggled financially. Despite the financial challenges, Riemann displayed exceptional mathematical talent from a young age. Recognizing his abilities, his family and teachers encouraged him to pursue his studies.
Riemann attended the Johanneum Lüneburg, a renowned school, where he excelled in languages and mathematics. His mathematics teacher, Schulze, recognized his talent and introduced him to advanced mathematical concepts. In 1846, Riemann entered the University of Göttingen to study theology and philology, but his interests soon shifted towards mathematics under the influence of renowned mathematicians like Carl Friedrich Gauss.
Mathematical Career:
Under the guidance of Gauss and others, Riemann quickly progressed in mathematics. He completed his Ph.D. in 1851 with a dissertation on the theory of complex variables. Riemann's groundbreaking work in complex analysis includes the introduction of Riemann surfaces and the Riemann sphere, which became fundamental concepts in the study of complex functions.
In 1854, Riemann published his famous lecture "Über die Hypothesen, welche der Geometrie zu Grunde liegen" ("On the Hypotheses that Underlie Geometry"). In this work, he introduced the concept of Riemannian geometry, a non-Euclidean geometry that laid the foundation for later developments in the theory of relativity.
Bernhard Riemann's Contributions to Analysis:
Riemann made significant contributions to mathematical analysis, particularly in the theory of functions and the understanding of integrals. His work on Fourier series, Riemann integrals, and the theory of trigonometric series had a lasting impact on the development of analysis.
Legacy:
Bernhard Riemann's contributions to mathematics extended into various areas, and his work influenced generations of mathematicians. Riemannian geometry became a cornerstone of differential geometry and played a crucial role in the development of Einstein's general theory of relativity.
Despite his significant contributions, Riemann's life was cut short. He struggled with health issues throughout his life, and he passed away on July 20, 1866, at the age of 39, in Selasca, Italy.
Riemann's impact on mathematics is immeasurable, and many of his ideas and concepts continue to be essential in various mathematical disciplines. The Riemann Hypothesis, a conjecture he made regarding the distribution of prime numbers, remains one of the most famous unsolved problems in mathematics.