Monday, March 18, 2019
History of Taj Mahal:
The Taj Mahal is an iconic white marble mausoleum located in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is widely regarded as one of the most beautiful buildings in the world and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
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Here is an overview of the history of the Taj Mahal:
1. Construction Period:
The Taj Mahal was commissioned by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his favorite wife, Mumtaz Mahal, who died during childbirth in 1631.
Construction of the Taj Mahal began in 1632 and was completed in 1648. However, some aspects of the complex continued to be worked on for several years.
2. Architectural Design:
The principal architect of the Taj Mahal was Ustad Ahmad Lahori, and the construction involved the expertise of thousands of artisans and craftsmen.
The mausoleum is known for its symmetrical design, intricate carvings, and the use of precious and semi-precious stones in the inlay work, forming intricate floral patterns and Quranic calligraphy.
3. Materials Used:
The main building material is white marble, which was brought from Makrana in Rajasthan.
The marble is adorned with decorative elements made of various stones, including jasper and jade.
4. Symbol of Love:
The Taj Mahal is often referred to as a symbol of eternal love. Shah Jahan's deep love for Mumtaz Mahal is reflected in the grandeur and beauty of the structure.
5. Architectural Layout:
The Taj Mahal complex includes the main mausoleum, a mosque, a guest house, and extensive gardens with reflecting pools on each side.
The central dome of the mausoleum is flanked by four smaller domes, creating a harmonious and balanced architectural composition.
6. Shah Jahan's Later Years:
Shah Jahan ruled the Mughal Empire during a period of great wealth and prosperity, but his later years were marked by tragedy. After Mumtaz Mahal's death, Shah Jahan faced political challenges from his sons, leading to his eventual imprisonment by his son Aurangzeb.
7. Conservation Efforts:
Over the centuries, the Taj Mahal has faced environmental challenges, including air pollution and the discoloration of its white marble. Conservation efforts, including cleaning and restoration projects, have been undertaken to preserve its beauty.
8. UNESCO World Heritage Site:
The Taj Mahal was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983. It is considered a masterpiece of Mughal architecture and a symbol of India's rich cultural heritage.
Today, the Taj Mahal attracts millions of visitors from around the world who come to admire its architectural brilliance and to witness the enduring symbol of love that it represents. It stands as a testament to the grandeur of the Mughal era in India.